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أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِث

رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ

Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith

Cousin and foster-brother of the Prophet ﷺ · Satirised him for years · Held firm at Hunayn

may Allah be pleased with him

Quraysh — Banu Hashim · Makkah and Madinah, up to and beyond the opening of Makkah in 8 AH

A first cousin of the Prophet ﷺ, and by report also his foster-brother from infancy, who spent roughly two decades composing verse against him. He accepted Islam only in the last stretch before Makkah fell, and at Hunayn was among the small number who stayed at the Prophet's ﷺ side when the rest of the army broke.

Known for

  • He was a first cousin of the Prophet ﷺ, and by report his foster-brother as well

    His father, al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib, was a paternal uncle of the Prophet ﷺ. The biographical dictionaries also record that the two were nursed by the same woman in infancy, which made them foster-brothers.

  • He composed verse against the Prophet ﷺ for a long stretch of years

    The biographical sources describe him as one of the poets Quraysh relied on against the Muslims through most of the Makkan period. No verse is reproduced here.

  • He accepted Islam only shortly before Makkah was opened

    He met the Prophet ﷺ on the road, together with his cousin Abdullah ibn Umayyah, and was received after some hesitation on the Prophet's ﷺ part.

  • At Hunayn he was one of the few who stayed with the Prophet ﷺ when the army broke

    The report names him as holding the Prophet's ﷺ mount alongside al-Abbas while most of the army had scattered.

Story

His story in moments

Short episodes from his life, in order. Read one at a time.

  1. The cousin turned away, and receivedOn the road toward Madinah, in the days shortly before the opening of Makkah.Shortly before the opening of Makkah, 8 AH1 min read

In full

Life & legacy

Cousin, foster-brother, opponent

Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith was a son of al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib, one of the Prophet's ﷺ paternal uncles, which made the two of them first cousins. The biographical dictionaries add that they were nursed by the same woman in infancy, and count him among the Prophet's ﷺ foster-brothers.

None of that closeness stopped him opposing the message once it began. He is remembered among the poets Quraysh used against the Muslims, and he kept at it for a long stretch of the Makkan years.

The road to Makkah, and afterwards

He came to the Prophet ﷺ shortly before Makkah was taken, together with his cousin Abdullah ibn Umayyah, seeking to accept Islam. What happened at that meeting is set out in the moment below.

Once he had accepted Islam he was present at Hunayn later the same year, where he was among the handful who held their ground when most of the army broke — a report carried in Sahih Muslim.

The sources say little in detail about his remaining years, and do not agree closely on when he died.

How the sources describe him

  • He was skilled with words, and turned that skill around completely

  • He did not run when the rest of the army did

Connect

People around him

Alongside

  • The Prophet Muhammad ﷺCompanion

    Cousin and, by report, foster-brother. He satirised him for years, was received only after hesitation shortly before Makkah fell, and later held his ground beside him at Hunayn.

  • Umm Salamahأُمّ سَلَمَةCompanion

    Spoke on his behalf when the Prophet ﷺ hesitated to receive him.

Full timeline

  1. The Makkan years

    Composes verse against the Prophet ﷺ through the Makkan years

  2. Shortly before the opening of Makkah, 8 AH

    Meets the Prophet ﷺ on the road and accepts Islam

  3. 8 AH

    Holds his ground at Hunayn when the army breaks

  4. The sources do not agree approximate, reports differThe biographical dictionaries do not settle on a year or place for his death.

    Dies

Part of

Sources & review

Draft content — undergoing review

This content was written for SahabaMate and has not yet been checked by a reviewer against the works below. Treat it as a starting point, not a citation.

  • Sahih Muslimصحيح مسلم

    Hadith collection · Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj

  • As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyahالسيرة النبوية

    Classical biography · Ibn Hisham, from the recension of Ibn Ishaq

  • Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabirالطبقات الكبرى

    Classical biography · Ibn Sa'd

  • Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz as-Sahabahالإصابة في تمييز الصحابة

    Classical biography · Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani

  • Companions of the Prophet

    Modern biography · Abdul Wahid Hamid

  • SahabaMate editorial summary

    Editorial summary

Where a reference names a work without a page or number, that is deliberate: SahabaMate does not publish a locator it cannot stand behind.

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