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سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَة

رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ

Sa'd ibn Ubadah

Chief of Khazraj · One of the twelve at Aqabah · Ansari

may Allah be pleased with him

Khazraj — Banu Sa'idah, of Madinah · Madinah, up to about 15 AH

A chief of Khazraj and one of the twelve the Ansar appointed to answer for them at Aqabah. His household fed people as a standing habit, and Quraysh caught and beat him for the pledge he had just given.

Known for

  • He was one of the twelve the Ansar appointed at Aqabah to answer for them

  • Feeding people was a standing arrangement in his house, not an occasion

    The reports describe food going out from his household continuously, and he carried the habit into the campaigns.

  • Quraysh caught him after the pledge at Aqabah and beat him

    He was released when Makkans he had trade dealings with intervened on his behalf.

  • He was the figure the Ansar were gathered around at Saqifah

    What followed at that gathering is recorded differently across the classical accounts, and this record does not narrate it.

Story

His story in moments

Short episodes from his life, in order. Read one at a time.

  1. The man they caughtMakkah, immediately after the second pledge at Aqabah, when Quraysh realised what had been agreed.Shortly before the Hijrah2 min read

In full

Life & legacy

Madinah

Sa'd was of Banu Sa'idah, a clan of Khazraj, and a chief among them. When the men of Yathrib gave the second pledge at Aqabah, they appointed twelve of their number to be answerable for their people, and he was one.

What happened to him immediately afterwards is set out in the moment below.

He was present through the campaigns of the Madinan decade, and his household's habit of feeding people is one of the few things the sources mention about him repeatedly rather than once.

After the Prophet ﷺ died

When the Prophet ﷺ died, the Ansar gathered at Saqifah Bani Sa'idah, and Sa'd was the figure among them. The classical accounts of what was said there, and of what he did, differ materially from one another. This record does not narrate them, for the reason set out in the review dossier.

He left Madinah for Syria afterwards and died there. The sources give the year variously, generally in the mid teens AH, and the accounts of his death differ too.

How the sources describe him

  • His generosity was structural rather than occasional

  • He spoke as someone his people expected to speak for them

Connect

People around him

Alongside

  • The Prophet Muhammad ﷺCompanion

    He was one of the twelve appointed at Aqabah to answer for the Ansar.

  • Sa'd ibn Mu'adhسَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذCompanion

    Chief of Aws as Sa'd ibn Ubadah was chief of Khazraj — the two tribes that had been fighting each other before Islam, and that the Ansar were formed from.

Full timeline

  1. Shortly before the Hijrah

    Appointed one of the twelve at Aqabah

  2. The Madinan years

    Present in the campaigns of the Madinan decade

  3. 11 AH reports differThe gathering is agreed; the accounts of what was said and done there differ materially.

    The Ansar gather at Saqifah Bani Sa'idah

  4. The sources differ approximate, reports differReports generally place it in the mid teens AH and do not agree.

    Dies in Syria

Part of

Sources & review

Draft content — undergoing review

This content was written for SahabaMate and has not yet been checked by a reviewer against the works below. Treat it as a starting point, not a citation.

  • As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyahالسيرة النبوية

    Classical biography · Ibn Hisham, from the recension of Ibn Ishaq

  • Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabirالطبقات الكبرى

    Classical biography · Ibn Sa'd

  • Tarikh ar-Rusul wa'l-Mulukتاريخ الرسل والملوك

    Classical history · Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari

  • Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz as-Sahabahالإصابة في تمييز الصحابة

    Classical biography · Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani

  • Siyar A'lam an-Nubalaسير أعلام النبلاء

    Classical biography · Shams ad-Din adh-Dhahabi

  • Companions of the Prophet

    Modern biography · Abdul Wahid Hamid

  • SahabaMate editorial summary

    Editorial summary

Where a reference names a work without a page or number, that is deliberate: SahabaMate does not publish a locator it cannot stand behind.

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