The Rightly Guided Caliphs
الخلفاء الراشدون
The four Companions who led the Muslim community in turn after the Prophet ﷺ died.
After the Prophet ﷺ died in Madinah, leadership of the community passed to four of his closest Companions, one after another: Abu Bakr, then Umar, then Uthman, then Ali. Together they are usually called the Rightly Guided Caliphs. Learning them in order gives you a frame for roughly the first thirty years after the Hijrah, and most other names from that period hang off this frame.
Members
Companions in this group
أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيق
Abu Bakr as-Siddiq
First Caliph
Muhajir · Companion of the Hijrah
Exploreعُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّاب
Umar ibn al-Khattab
Al-Faruq
Second Caliph · Muhajir
Exploreعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّان
Uthman ibn Affan
Dhun-Nurayn
Third Caliph · Muhajir
Exploreعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِب
Ali ibn Abi Talib
Fourth Caliph
Cousin of the Prophet ﷺ · Early Muslim
ExploreSources & review
Draft content — undergoing reviewTarikh ar-Rusul wa'l-Mulukتاريخ الرسل والملوك
Classical history · Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari
Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabirالطبقات الكبرى
Classical biography · Ibn Sa'd
SahabaMate editorial summary
Editorial summary