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سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاص

رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ

Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas

Commander at al-Qadisiyyah · Early Muslim · Muhajir

may Allah be pleased with him

Quraysh — Banu Zuhrah · Makkah, Madinah and Iraq, up to about 55 AH

He accepted Islam as a young man and held to it against a mother who refused to eat until he gave it up. Decades later he commanded the army at al-Qadisiyyah, and in old age he kept out of the fighting between Muslims.

Known for

  • Named among the Ten given glad tidings of Paradise

  • The first to shoot an arrow in the way of Allah

  • He commanded the army at al-Qadisiyyah

    Umar appointed him to lead the force sent into Iraq. The city of Kufa was laid out afterwards under his authority.

  • The Prophet ﷺ called him his maternal uncle

    Sa'd was of Banu Zuhrah, the clan of the Prophet's ﷺ mother, and the reports have him introduced that way.

Story

His story in moments

Short episodes from his life, in order. Read one at a time.

  1. The hunger strikeMakkah, in the early years, after Sa'd accepted Islam as a young man.The Makkan years, before the Hijrah1 min read

In full

Life & legacy

Makkah

Sa'd accepted Islam young, in the earliest years, when the Muslims of Makkah were still very few. His family did not accept it, and the pressure they applied to him is the episode he is best remembered for from this period.

He emigrated to Madinah with the community and was present at Badr, Uhud and the campaigns after them.

Iraq, and after

Umar appointed him to command the army sent into Iraq, and it was under him that the decisive engagement at al-Qadisiyyah was fought. The garrison town of Kufa was laid out afterwards under his authority, and he governed there for a period.

He was one of the six Umar named to choose a successor. When the community later divided, he kept out of it entirely and took no part in the fighting between Muslims.

He died at al-Aqiq, outside Madinah, and was buried in the city. He is generally reported to have been the last of the Ten to die.

How the sources describe him

  • Pressure from the people closest to him did not move him

  • He would not fight other Muslims

    When the community divided, he took no side and stayed out of it.

Connect

People around him

Alongside

  • The Prophet Muhammad ﷺCompanion

    Of his mother's clan, Banu Zuhrah, and among the earliest to accept Islam.

  • Umar ibn al-KhattabعُمَرCompanion

    Appointed him to command in Iraq, and named him among the six who were to choose the next caliph.

  • Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awfعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَٰنCompanion

    Of the same clan, Banu Zuhrah, and named with him among the Ten.

Full timeline

  1. The early Makkan years

    Accepts Islam in Makkah as a young man

  2. 2 AH

    Present at Badr

  3. Around 15 AH approximate, reports differThe engagement is dated to 14, 15 and 16 AH in different accounts.

    Commands the army at al-Qadisiyyah

  4. Around 55 AH approximate, reports differReports give 54, 55 and 58 AH.

    Dies at al-Aqiq and is buried in Madinah

Part of

Sources & review

Draft content — undergoing review

This content was written for SahabaMate and has not yet been checked by a reviewer against the works below. Treat it as a starting point, not a citation.

  • The Qur'anالقرآن الكريم

    Qur'an

  • Sahih al-Bukhariصحيح البخاري

    Hadith collection · Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari

  • Sahih Muslimصحيح مسلم

    Hadith collection · Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj

  • Jami' at-Tirmidhiجامع الترمذي

    Hadith collection · Muhammad ibn 'Isa at-Tirmidhi

  • As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyahالسيرة النبوية

    Classical biography · Ibn Hisham, from the recension of Ibn Ishaq

  • Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabirالطبقات الكبرى

    Classical biography · Ibn Sa'd

  • Tarikh ar-Rusul wa'l-Mulukتاريخ الرسل والملوك

    Classical history · Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari

  • Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz as-Sahabahالإصابة في تمييز الصحابة

    Classical biography · Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani

  • Siyar A'lam an-Nubalaسير أعلام النبلاء

    Classical biography · Shams ad-Din adh-Dhahabi

  • SahabaMate editorial summary

    Editorial summary

Where a reference names a work without a page or number, that is deliberate: SahabaMate does not publish a locator it cannot stand behind.

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